PROJECT
ggg/ Bishin Juyin Halitta
Bishiyar phylogenetic da ke kwatanta juyin halitta na halitta da ƙirƙira ta wucin gadi, tana nuna gibin ƙirƙira da tushen ƙirƙira.
HOW
Dubi yadda tsarin juyin halitta ke faruwa, kuma ka fahimci tarihi ta hanyar zane-zanen juyin halitta.
Ko a tsarin kera abubuwa, abubuwa suna ci gaba da bunkasa da kuma zabar daga ci gaban fasaha, sha'awar mutane da sauye-sauyen yanayin lokaci. Ci gaban nau'ikan rayuwa bisa ga tushen bambancin ya yi kama da tsarin juyin halittar halittu masu rai. Ƙirƙirar koyaushe tana neman cika juyin halittar mutane. Mai sauri, mafi jin daɗi, shin ba zane ba ne da ya ci gaba ta hanyar irin wannan falsafar shine kama da halittar ɗan adam wanda zai yi juyin halitta? Idan juyin halittar da zanen halittu masu rai sun yi kama da juna sosai, ya kamata hakan ya sauƙaƙa sabbin abubuwa ta hanyar fahimtar tsarin da kyau da kuma amfani da shi a cikin ƙirƙira da zane. Tunanin juyin halitta hanya ce ta ilimin ƙirƙirar da aka haifa don koyon tsarin tunani daga yanayi.
Ka'idar rayuwar waɗanda suka fi dacewa tana aiki a cikin ƙirar abubuwan da mutane suka yi, ma. Ta hanyar ci gaban fasaha, canje-canje a cikin abubuwan da mutane suke so, da canje-canje na mahallin lokaci, abubuwa suna shiga cikin zagayowar zaɓi da juyin halitta akai-akai. Tushen bambance-bambance a cikin ci gaban abubuwa ya yi kama da tsarin juyin halittar rayuwa. Juyin halittar ɗan adam koyaushe yana ƙarewa da ƙirƙira–neman abin da ya fi sauri kuma ya fi sauƙi. Waɗannan motsin rai suna mulki, ƙira na iya zama na'ura mai hankali ga mutane yayin da muke neman ci gaba.
A gefen taswirar juyin halitta na abubuwa, akwai sarari don abubuwa su juya. Muna iya kiran wannan sarari "sabon kirkire-kirkire".
Mun yanke shawarar tsarawa da kwatanta taswirori biyu na juyin halitta: ɗaya na dabbobi da ɗaya na motoci. Ilimin ɗan adam na abubuwan da mutum ya yi kamar motoci bai ci gaba ba sosai, kuma dole ne mu fara da kafa hanyoyin aiki. Sa'an nan, lokacin da muka kai matakin kwatanta taswirori biyu, wasu muhimman bambance-bambance tsakanin dabbobi da abubuwan da mutum ya yi sun bayyana. Misali, abubuwan da mutum ya yi suna samun tasiri kai tsaye daga ci gaban fasaha, wanda ke sa tsawon rayuwar sabbin fasahohi ya zama gajere sosai. Fasaha tana ci gaba ta hanya ɗaya kawai da ba za a iya juyawa ba, don haka saurin da ake zaɓi da watsar da ƙira ta hanyar canjin fasaha yana ƙaruwa. Wannan haɓakawa shine dalilin da ya sa akwai wasu manyan sarƙoƙi masu shekaru 100 da har yanzu ake amfani da su a yau, amma babu wanda ke amfani da wayoyin salula da aka yi kawai shekaru 10 da suka wuce.
Za mu iya ganin cewa haɗin nau'o'in daban-daban ya fi sauƙi a cikin abubuwan da mutum ya yi fiye da dabbobi. A cikin duniyar halitta, ba shi yiwuwa a haɗa nau'o'in daban-daban, kamar kifin ruwa da mutane, amma an san cewa ana iya samar da sababbin abubuwa ta hanyar haɗa abubuwan da mutum ya yi da ba a saba gani ba. Ana iya ganin wannan sauƙin haɗawa a misalai kamar motar ruwa da ƙasa, wadda ta haɗa jirgin ruwa da mota, da kuma Osprey, wanda aka ƙirƙira ta hanyar haɗa jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu da jirgin sama.
Wannan taswirar juyin halitta an tsara shi don "NOSIGNER–Dalilin da ke bayan Siffofi" nunin ya fara daga hasashe "Me zai faru idan duk zane-zane kwaikwayo ne na yanayi, ko kuma idan ainihin aikin zane-zane shine aikin kwaikwayi juyin halittar yanayi ba da gangan ba?" Ta hanyar wannan nuni, muna kwatanta/bambanta abubuwa na wucin gadi da na yanayi kuma muna binciken manufa a cikin siffa, da haka nan kuma hanyoyin tunanin zane-zane, bisa ra'ayin cewa "zane-zane shine ilimin halitta na abubuwa."Wannan falsafar ta zama tushen "Tunanin Juyin Halitta".
WHY
Menene hanyar yin tunani akan tarihi don gaba?
Al'umma tana canzawa sosai. Ko yanzu bayan shekaru 50 tun daga 1972, wanda aka ce shine iyakar ci gaban ɗan adam, har yanzu muna ci gaba a yau. Canje-canje don dakatar da rugujewar bambancin halittu da ayyukan kiyaye al'umma mai dorewa ba su da sake lokaci. Muna buƙatar ƙarin mutane su canza al'umma. Sau da yawa muna cewa abubuwa suna "juya" ta hanyar canza al'umma. Idan muka ce al'ummar da take canzawa tana juya, za mu iya koyon ƙarin abubuwa game da tsarin wannan al'ummar da take juyawa, daga juyin halittun da suke raye?
Yana da ban mamaki yadda kwanan nan ne ra'ayin kimiyya na juyin halitta ya fito kuma ya fara nazari ta hanyar tsari. Misali, a shekara ta 1859 ne kawai, kimanin shekaru 150 da suka wuce, Charles Darwin ya buga Origin of Species, aikin da ya bayyana ra'ayin juyin halitta ta fuskar halittu.Zanen juyin halitta da ke gefen hagu shine abin da Darwin ya bar a matsayin zane. Bisa ga tunanin Darwin, Haeckel, masanin halittu kuma mai zane, ya kirkiro magana da ake kira bishiyar juyin halitta a hotonmu kamar hoton tsakiya da na dama.
Duniyar dabi'a tana tsari bisa ga ka'idar rayuwar waɗanda suka fi dacewa, inda nau'ikan da suka fi dacewa da muhalli su ne waɗanda ke rayuwa. Muhallin dabi'a yana canzawa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, don haka halittu suna cikin yanayin canzawa koyaushe. Tsarin an tsara shi ta yadda za a samar da bambance-bambance marasa iyaka akan lokaci ta hanyar canje-canje a DNA, wanda zai ba da damar nau'in ya ci gaba da kasancewa komai yanayin. Taswirar juyin halitta ita ce tarihin zuriya da ke nuna waɗannan nau'ikan rayuwa waɗanda aka zaɓa sama da marasa adadi ta hanyar ka'idar rayuwar waɗanda suka fi dacewa. Ana iya kallonsa daidai da zanen dabarun rayuwa na nau'ikan halittu a duniyar dabi'a.
WILL
Ƙirƙirar Juyin Halitta ta zo ta hanyar haɗa dukkan hanyoyin tunani.
"Evolutional Creativity" ya fara ne a matsayin ƙaramin nunin gwaji, kuma a halin yanzu yana yaduwa sannu-sannu, yayin da masu goyon baya kamar kamfanin kera motoci, kamfanin gidaje mafi girma a Japan da kuma manajan kamfanin kayan sawa na duniya ke tallafa masa. (Labarin komawa:
INFORMATION
- What
- ggg/Evolutionary Tree
- When
- 2016
- Where
- Tokyo, Japan
- Client
- Scope
- Installation / Space Design
CREDIT
- Art Work
- Eisuke Tachikawa
- Photograph
- Kunihiko Sato
